A 30g bowl of Waitrose Berry Muesli contains 105 kcal, 7.9g of sugar (1.0g of free sugar), 2.1g of fibre and 2.4g of protein. With 125ml of semi-skimmed milk the bowl comes to 163 kcal and 13.8g of total sugar. It is classed as NOVA 4 (ultra-processed).
Of the 26.3g of sugar per 100g in Berry Muesli, Boone counts 3.2g as free sugar. The rest (23.1g) is sugar in whole dried fruit, which the NHS limit does not count. Method: total sugar less 23.1g from whole dried fruit (fruit estimated where the pack gives no percentage).
Berry Muesli is classed as NOVA 4, ultra-processed, because its ingredients include flavouring. These are industrial ingredients you would not use in a home kitchen. 1 of its 15 ingredients is of this kind.
Boone classifies processing from the published ingredient list using the NOVA system. Added vitamins and minerals are not counted as a marker of ultra-processing.