A 30g bowl of Sainsbury's Chocolate Flakes & Clusters contains 130 kcal, 5.3g of sugar (5.1g of free sugar), 2.1g of fibre and 2.8g of protein. With 125ml of semi-skimmed milk the bowl comes to 188 kcal and 11.2g of total sugar. It is classed as NOVA 4 (ultra-processed).
Of the 17.8g of sugar per 100g in Chocolate Flakes & Clusters, Boone counts 17.1g as free sugar. The rest (0.7g) is lactose from milk chocolate, which the NHS limit does not count. Method: total sugar less 0.7g lactose from milk chocolate (lactose estimated from typical chocolate recipes).
Chocolate Flakes & Clusters is classed as NOVA 4, ultra-processed, because its ingredients include lactose, emulsifier, lecithin, flavouring, mono- and diglycerides, caramelised sugar and corn starch. These are industrial ingredients you would not use in a home kitchen. 6 of its 24 ingredients are of this kind.
Boone classifies processing from the published ingredient list using the NOVA system. Added vitamins and minerals are not counted as a marker of ultra-processing.